Cervial spinal fusion (arthrodesis) is a surgery that joins selected bones in the neck (cervical spine).There are different methods of performing a cervical spinal fusion.
Bone can be taken from elsewhere in your body or obtained from a bone bank (a bone graft). The bone is used to make a bridge between vertebrae that are next to each other (adjacent). This bone graft stimulates the growth of new bone. Man-made (artificial) fusion materials may also be used.
Metal implants can be used to hold the vertebrae together until new bone grows between them.
Metal plates can be screwed into the bone, joining adjacent vertebrae.
An entire vertebra can be removed, and the spine then fused.
A spinal disc can be removed and the adjacent vertebrae fused.
This procedure can be performed through an incision on the front (anterior) or back (posterior) of the neck.
What To Expect After SurgeryThis surgery usually requires a short stay in the hospital. You may need to wear a brace on your neck (cervical collar) during recovery.
How Well It WorksCervical spinal fusion is usually successful in relieving symptoms, but complications sometimes occur. Repeat surgery is sometimes needed to address complications or recurrence.
RisksAlthough cervical spinal fusion stiffens part of the neck, this does not reduce neck flexibility for most people.
Surgery and the use of anesthesia involve some risk. The risks associated with this procedure vary depending on your age and overall health, diagnosis, and type of procedure used. Risks include:
Pain in a bone graft site (donor site).
Failure of the fusion, breakage of metal implants (if used), or both.
Blood clots in deep veins.
Nerve or spinal cord injury.
Graft rejection.
Infection.
Excessive bleeding.
Risks of general anesthesia.
What To Think AboutCervical spinal fusion is sometimes used:
To treat acute injuries, such as fractures and dislocations.
For mechanical or structural problems causing disabling pain (such as from cancer or infection).
Author: Shannon Erstad, MBA/MPH Editor: Kathleen M. Ariss, MS Associate Editor: Pat Truman, MATC Primary Medical Reviewer: William M. Green, MD - Emergency Medicine Specialist Medical Reviewer: Robert B. Keller, MD - Orthopedics